Piaget and Vygotsky: The Psychology of Cognitive Development Essay

This essay concerns the psychology of cognitive development. Cognitive development can be explained in terms of the acquisition, construction and progressive change in thought processes such as memory, problem-solving and decision-making that occurs from childhood to adulthood (in metalworker, P.K., Cowie, H & Blades, M. 2003). Major pi iers in this area and whose work has been the foundation of some(prenominal) research in cognitive psychology are among Jean Piagets (1926) and Lev Vygotksys (1978). A common understanding amid the two rest on the idea that cognitive development in children occurs through stages, however, their approach in identifying these stages highly differ (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Piagets account of cognitive development has been one of the many influential theories of time, receiving great recognition and popularity. According to Piaget children possess an innate capacity to learn human language and skills and are born with and acquire schemas (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Schemas are an internal representation of our surroundings which construct of a framework of cognitive processes that help us organise or interpret situations formal (in Passer, M., Smith, R., Holt, N., Bremner, A., Sutherland, E., & Vliek, M. 2009). Piaget proposed that cognitive development was restricted if schemas did not reach a threshold level (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003).In addition, Piaget further theorised that children actively construct their own world as a means of understanding their environment. The more actively engaged a child is with their environment, the more they will learn (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Along with this, Piaget contended that children need to be psychologically mature in order to understand the world a... ...ialisation (in Smith P.K. et al., 2003). Moreover, Siegler, (1986 in Passer, M. et al., 2009) argued that Piagets stages seemed to be incompatible with reality claiming that children are able to coif tasks that are ascrib ed to a specific stage in a different stage therefore not being consistent with Piagets assumptions.In conclusion, it is unmistakable that both Piaget and Vygotsky acknowledge cognitive development in children as a process and view the child as an active learner. However, it is important that we distinguish between their different stages of development.Works CitedSmith, P.K., Cowie, H. & Baldes, M. (2003). Understanding childrens development. (4th ed.). Oxford Blackwell.Passer, M., Smith, R., Holt, N., Bremner, A., Sutherland, E., & Vliek, M. (2009). Psychology Science of Mind and Behaviour. (European Edition). New York.

Christopher Marlowes Dr. Faustus - The Folly of Dr. Faustus Essay exam

Christopher Marlowes Dr. Faustus - The Folly of Dr. FaustusChristopher Marlowes tragedy of Dr. Faustus envelops a realm of theological issues around sensation mans quest for acquaintance. Feeling a university education to be inadequate for his purposes, Faustus makes the ultimate sacrifice possible to quench his thirst for otherworldly wisdom. Yet even though he makes amazing powers and a broad reputation as a man in the know, his quest is incomplete. He actually learns very little. The nature of knowledge involves both the ability to recall facts, dates, events etc. and also the power to assimilate this new information and assign it the appropriate value. When Faustus signs away his soul to Lucifer to gain the service of Mephastophilis, he really gains no knowledge of himself. It could be argued that Mephastophilis provides books and takes Faustus to far off lands which in a way enriches the doctors facilities. Yet through their companionship, Faustus comes to rely merely on Mep hastophilis to impress or poke fun at the esteemed men he meets. To be sure, Faustus gains wide...

gullivers travel :: essays research papers

I want to outline in this essay some of the ship canal in which alerts texts - in particular the shorter prose works and the poetry concerned with the female body - take up and make explicit contradictory philosophical positions. ofttimes time and critical effort has been spent attempting to trace some unifying philosophical thread through the maze created by these and other of Swifts writings, when much(prenominal) a thread may be elusive to the point of vanishing altogether.1 It seems possible that one cause of this critical need to establish consistency in Swift is the ferment of Postmodernist thought, which tends to cause a conditioned response to eighteenth cytosine literary works in which the instinctive move is to look for that which totalizes, compartmentalizes, reveals a quash narrative or supplies a clearly defined linear teleology. If, however, this kind of pre-imagined consistency proves unavailable, the critic is left with the notion of a multi-vocal, polychromati c Swift which should not, perhaps, be so surprising as there seems nothing alien to the intellectual trends of early-eighteenth century England in Swifts assumption of positions that appear radically opposed to one another. Periods of handing over necessarily involve the existence of contradictory positions in constellation often within the work of a single writer or thinker. Even Sir Isaac Newton, the great of all icons of Enlightenment rationality, can be represented in such a way "Newton was a Janus figure, emblematic of the new, rationalist, scientific and secular future, even so also using his mathematical skills for abstruse astrological and biblical calculations." (Corfield, 11). Clearly any attempt to attribute a definitive philosophical position to Swift is fraught with difficulty.2 Not only must the reader attempt to penetrate multiple levels of irony at a micro-level, but at a macro-level the occurrence that Swift was an Anglican clergyman complicates any phil osophical interpretation. The origins of the debates on this issue are contemporaneous with the publication of the texts themselves (William Wottons observations, for example), and reproval up to the end of the nineteenth century continued, predominately, to insist on an irreligious Swift an approach that survived into the twentieth century "no defence of Swifts fundamental religious orthodoxy can stand the test of such writings. He is a sceptical humanist who again and again tilts at Christian belief". (Wilson Knight, on "The Tale of a Tub",124). This strain of criticism has been long overtaken, however, by

Global Warming - How Republicans are Endangering Our Earth Essay exampl

Imagine the worlds major cities completely underwater. Imagine storms so violent that parts of the world became unlivable. Theses are images that one would expect to denudation in movie house, but environmental scientists tell us what is now a good setting for science fiction could soon be humanity due to global warming. Environmental scientists warn that humans are not only making the humans inhabitable for animals and plants, but that if humans continues with their current practices, the Earth will soon be inhabitable for humans as well. Environmental scientists warn that if the Earths citizens do not act swiftly and decisively the damage peradventure irreversible for humans. American politicians have consistently rejected proposals for environmental reform. When President Clinton took office in 1993, he promised to become an environmental leader both internationally and nationally, and the proposals that he put to the floor of congress seemed to be the United Statess first pos itive step toward reversing environmental policy. Unfortunately both his call to reduce greenhouse gases and to protect the worlds biodiversity were blocked by Republicans in Congress. Since the Republicans have gained control of both the House of Representative and the Senate they have dramatically slashed and or eliminated the little environmental regulation that has taken place in the United States. 1 There clearly is a rift between environmental science and the Republican party, and it is this ideological divide that that is the largest threat to the future of environmental policy in the United States. Opponents of the GOP postulate that Republicans are against environmental regulation because of their desire to protect businesses, while others argue that R... ... The Greenhouse transaction (http//www.iinetau/ ecna/info/greenhous.htmle)- This site was helpful in giving background information on the greenhouse effect. 2. Global Warming Understranding the Forcast (http//www.e df.org/pubs /Brochures/GlobalWarming)- This site examines how scientists mobilize the Earths temperature will change.3. What isthe Greenhouse Effect (http//www.marin.k12.ca.us/ kenthtp/kentms.htp/warmiong/greenhs_ref.html)- This site was helpful in giving background information on the greenhouse effect.4. Forest Today The Greenhouse Effect (http//www.nafi.com.au/faq.greenhouse.html)- This site examines how the greenhouse effect effect the Earths shrinking forests.5. Greenhouse Effect Visualizer (http//www.couis.nwu.edu/GEV/GP_3_6_87_5.html)- This website had temperature maps which predicted the effects of Globa Warming.

Blooms Taxonomy :: essays research papers

Bloom&8217s Taxonomy is the higher order of thinking. Imagine a benefit to get to the top, you must front finish what is on the bottom. Bloom&8217s Taxonomy is divided into 6 different sections, each one specifying what skills atomic number 18 being demonstrated. The first and easiest block is knowledge. In knowledge you observe and recall of information, knowledge of dates, events, places, major ideas, and of subject matter. Some clues to come upon knowledge is if it asks or you list, define, tell, describe, identify, show, label, collect, examine, tabulate, quote, name, who, when, where. The second step would be comprehension. Comprehension consist of understanding information, grasp meaning, translate knowledge into new context, interpret facts, compare, contrast, order, group, infer causes, predict consequences. Keywords to spot Comprehension would be summarize, describe, interpret, contrast, predict, associate, distinguish, estimate, differentiate, discuss, and extend. Laye r fare three is Application. This is where it starts to get harder. Application involves using information, methods, concepts, and theories in new situations, solving problems using required skills or knowledge. Look out for these words to help you identify application apply, demonstrate, calculate, complete, illustrate, show, solve, examine, modify, relate, change, classify, experiment, and discover. Step four is Analysis. Analysis involves seeing patterns, organization of parts, recognition of hidden meanings, identification of components. Question Cues analyze, separate, order, explain, connect, classify, arrange, divide, compare, select, explain, and infer. The second to the last step, Synthesis, is hard, because now not single do the questions have to be answered for this, but the other steps should be done as well, to be able to fully understand. The elements that contribute to synthesis are use old ideas to create new ones, generalize from given facts, relate knowledge from several areas, predict, and draw conclusions. Clue words include combine, integrate, modify, rearrange, substitute, plan, create, design, invent, what it?

Blooms Taxonomy :: essays research papers

rose&8217s Taxonomy is the higher order of thinking. Imagine a pyramid to get to the top, you must first finish what is on the bottom. Bloom&8217s Taxonomy is divided into 6 different sections, each one specifying what skills are being demonstrated. The first and easiest block is familiarity. In companionship you observe and recall of information, knowledge of dates, events, places, major ideas, and of subject matter. Some clues to identify knowledge is if it asks or you list, define, tell, describe, identify, show, label, collect, examine, tabulate, quote, name, who, when, where. The second step would be comprehension. Comprehension consist of understanding information, grasp meaning, translate knowledge into newfangled context, interpret facts, compare, contrast, order, group, infer causes, predict consequences. Keywords to spot Comprehension would be summarize, describe, interpret, contrast, predict, associate, distinguish, estimate, differentiate, discuss, and extend. Layer number three is Application. This is where it starts to get harder. Application involves using information, methods, concepts, and theories in new situations, solving problems using required skills or knowledge. Look out for these words to help you identify application apply, demonstrate, calculate, complete, illustrate, show, solve, examine, modify, relate, change, classify, experiment, and discover. Step four is Analysis. Analysis involves seeing patterns, plaque of parts, recognition of hidden meanings, identification of components. Question Cues analyze, separate, order, explain, connect, classify, arrange, divide, compare, select, explain, and infer. The second to the last step, Synthesis, is hard, because now not only do the questions have to be answered for this, but the other go should be done as well, to be able to fully understand. The elements that contribute to synthesis are use old ideas to create new ones, generalize from presumptuousness facts, relate knowledge fro m several areas, predict, and draw conclusions. Clue words include combine, integrate, modify, rearrange, substitute, plan, create, design, invent, what it?

Should Doctors Be Tried in Consumer Courts

The Indian Supreme Court has ruled that posits can be sued for checkup negligence in consumer courts set up on a lower floor Indias consumer protection act of 1986. The landmark judgment, delivered last week, caps the nine year old controversy over whether doctors providing medical services to unhurrieds on fee of fees can be held liable under this act. Responding to appeals by doctors against earlier judgments by state high courts, the Supreme Court ruled that patients aggrieved by deficiencies in medical services rendered for payment can claim damages Should doctors be assay in consumer courts?This issue requires much debate, a lot of questioning, also a lot of introspection. plainly forrader we do that, let me ask, why do we limit ourselves to consumer courts Why are we afraid to move to lamentable courts if the quantum of crime is culpable enough to be tried yet in criminal courts When I say this, I wish to emphasize on the office that doctors are later(prenominal) all humankind beings. They are bound to get carried away by pleasure of life, greed for money and desire for a lavish lifestyle. This may encourage the devils inside them, they may shed over to illegal activities, may mint quick money and fulfill their hiddendesires.Somebody, at this instance, may like to raise a point that doctors are human beings also when they are performing complex surgeries. They are bound to make small mistakes, forget a glove back in the stomach of a patient, inadvertently give a wrong injection, prescribe unknowingly a useless drug. Agreed I dont suggest harsh penalization for such situations. But I wish that we do not neglect this issue in totality and that too for two reasons. One, because if we allow a doctor to got scott free after leaving a surgical instrument into a patients abdomen, we are encouraging his carelessness.There is one in all chance that this mistake may repeat itself and the doctor will never repent for it. Another reason I discoura ge this practice is- A shady sheep in the herd of dedicated doctors, may, under the veil of Non purposeful mistake Do illegal activities. He, for his unethical gains, perform acts as prescribe a prohibited drug to his patient and when he get access to it, supply it potential buyers abroad. Not only this, on pretext of a small operation, he may remove vital organs from the body of a patient while the patient remains in dark.Unlawful activities, but with a lesser criminal intention, could be purposefully keeping a patient in ICU although on that point is no need of it This point reminds me of a case, where in a patients family proved themselves smart enough for the doctors. Let me give a first hand description of this, although in brief. A patient on terminal bed, with serious kidney malfunction was admitted in a government hospital. Observing the serious condition of the patient, he was instantaneously recommended to a better equipped private hospital. regrettably, he breathed his last on the way.Promptly the private hospital issued a death certificate. Unsatisfied with the callous attitude of doctors from government hospitals he was again admitted in the government hospital. The hospital declared him dead after two days, issued a huge bill along with a death certificate. Armed with two death certificates issued on two different dates, the family published the horror story in media channels. This story is another reason why I did not blame only private hospitals and private doctors of illegal bunglings, because that would have shielded all government employed doctors.I blame this situation on the society as a whole and government policies in particular. Society because every 1 in 5 families of a patient is willing enough to have an illegal organ transplant or blood transfusion from an illegal source if it guarantees the welfare of the patient. This encourages doctors to switch to illegal means for any need, small or big. And the government policies are e qually responsible because the scenario since independence, by and large remains the same. There has been no increase in the numbers of opportunities available to this class of people whom we call doctors. instead we expect them to serve the masses, with minimal(or sometimes even nil) infrastructure, no incentives and when compared to their better offs in IT and MANAGEMENT sectors, only a handful are able to give competition. But before blaming anyone else, Is it not the moral and ethical responsibility of a doctor to serve selflessly his fellow beings? Is this not the first thing taught in medical colleges? May be I am keeping my foot on one more debatable topic. ? Now let me stir the pot a bit more. deal die, as sure as they are born, they will die. Its a fact of life and one had better learn to accept it.People do not die ONLY because of doctors mistakes. If my memory does not fail me, the lady, whose death caused the JJ Hospital incident, was 75 years old. No details about what she was execrable from, on how long she was ailing, or the condition she was brought to the hospital in. Despite lacking these vital dfetails, you are ready to accept that the death was due to negligence. That is being unfair. long time ago, when I was still a houseman, we had a patient brought in with a myocardial infarction. The man had suffered a couple of infarctions over the years and his family was well alert that the next one could be fatal.Despite our best efforts he died. The family accepted this and were taking the body away, when the youngest son arrived. This guy had been out drinking, and made such a tamasha, threatening to kill the doctors, screaming abuse etc. Eventually the security had to physically throw him out of teh hospital. Often these dramatic and explosive incidents take head to demonstrate grief, however phony it may be. I have witnessed many such incidents, and feel that even if there was negligence, the Consumer Protection Courts are available to cur e any complaint. Beating up pepole is not the solution to the problem.Hi rocrab long time no see , no hear from you on forums OK so you are a Doctor right So lets first establish the fact that you are biased- right or wrong Ok second point the JJ hospital fiasco was uncalled for thats for sure. And it also highlighted the plight of 100s of overworked doctors and their meagre stipends. But the fact remains is that you do something wrong you get punished. I do not cogitate Consumer courts should try Doctors. As in lawyers they should be debarred from practising medicine if found guilty. Anyways the point I want to bring out strongly is that -1.People do not get in on merit they pay huge donations eg Manipal college. Totally shameless. 2. You pay to get in you can also pay to pass. 3. If you do not know what you are doing naturally you are literally playing God. So what are we left with QUACKS by the dozen. That is why I think if some misgiving is instilled such foul play will lessen. Am starting another new topic on another issue that is close to my heart after the Jessica Lal forum. The recent strike by resident doctors in Mumbais JJ Hospital because a relative of a victim who died slapped a doctor caused headlines for several days.My take on this matter is that the Public slaps, verbal and physical abuse,vandalising of hospitals etc is due to the fact that there is no other way to bring negligent Doctors to book in this country. That is why there are more and more instances of public outrage. What is more dangerous is the fact that these doctors who have caused such deaths CONTINUE to treat patients and put them at lay on the line with their little knowledge. And last night NDTV debated about this because a one Dr Saha is suing 4 Kolkotta doctors for Rs 77. 7 crore for negligence for his wifes death.So my question is Should such Doctors be tried for negligence and be punished in a court of law or not? If so what sort of court should try them like the military have a Martial law How long can we allow these so called quacks to get away with murder 18 Mar 2006 0703 pm 14 Rumhona, Totally ascertain with what you have said about money taking precedence over merit. Medical colleges operating out of rented premises, lacking basic infrastructure. Deemed universities, sprouting like mushrooms after the rains, with no one to check or monitor the quality of teh education they provide or the doctors they produce.What is ripe by such doctors is criminal, no question of negligence. Unfortunately we have two sets of laws in India, one for the rich and one for the poor, this has been amply demonstrated in the recent past. Despite all this each case has to be judged on its merits. Negligence as defined by law, is not doing that which a reasonable doctor would do. Now what a reasonable doctor would do, is there in black and white, in teh text books. But no text book can describe ALL the medical conditions and the complicating factors. Medicine is also subjective, so things can get tricky. Every view put forward by an just will be refuted by another equally qualified expert. (An expert being one who knows more and more about less and less, till eventually he knows every thing about nothing. )Finally, the quality of medicine practiced in India is pretty miserable. My wife who is diabetic and hypertensive, was nearly killed by a consultant, who could not see beyond the infection he was treating. Eventually, I had to bring her overpower to my hospital where she began recovering in 24 hours.

Perfect Competition vs Monopoly

M&S (perfect arguing) Vs Thames water supply (monopoly) At unmatched end is perfect aspiration where thither are very numerous firms competing against each other. Every firm is so tiny in relation to the entire trade that has no personnel to manipulate set. It is a price taker. At the other end is monopoly, where there is just a single firm in the industry, and for this reason no competition from inside the industry. Perfect competition e. g. Marks & Spencer, they have many competitors such as, Asda, Next and Tesco. They productively have over 600 UK stores, in addition expanding international business.They expend over 75,000 people in the UK and abroad. On the whole, their clothing and homeware sales account for 49% of their business. The other 51% of business is in food, where they put on the commercialise everything from fresh produce and groceries, to partly-prepared meals and ready meals. Nevertheless on the other end, there is a Monopoly e. g. Thames peeing, which is UKs largest water and wastewater, services company. They play a very primary(prenominal) role in providing everyday 2,600 million litres of tap water to 8. 5 million customers across London and the Thames Valley.They also get rid of and take business of 2,800 million litres of sewage for an area covering 13. 5 million customers. The main strong point of National Grid is that there are no competitors. Having many firms rivalling not in favour of each other e. g. Marks & Spencer, it is then advanced for consumers. The hypothesis of perfect competition demonstrates an intense form of free enterprise. indoors it, firms are utterly issue to market forces. They have no power at all to influence the price of the product. The price they face is dogged by the interaction of demand and supply in the entire market.M&S are price takers. There are numerous firms in the industry that each one manufactures an unimportantly small quantity of entire industry supply, and consequently has no power at all to change the price of the invention. For M&S and their other opponents, there is full liberty of admission into the industry for fresh firms. Active firms are not capable to discontinue peeled firms setting up in business. unsanded firms will find it relatively straightforward to enter markets if they feel there is irregular profits to be made.The entries of refreshed firms make available competition and set about prices are kept low in the long-run. Manufacturers and customers have ideal mindfulness of the market. That is, manufacturers are completely alert of prices, costs and market chances. Customers are entirely aware of price, excellence and accessibility of the product. Thames Water has sustained their monopoly situation, by including obstacles (barriers) to the entry of new firms. Even if a market could support more than one firm, a new participant is unlikely to be able to start up on a very huge scale.Accordingly the Thames Water who is already experiencing e conomies of scale can upkeep a price under the cost of the new participant and force it out of business. If, nevertheless, the new participant is a firm previously established in another industry, it whitethorn be capable to endure this competition. Since there is, by classification, only one firm in the industry, the firms demand incline is also the industry demand curve. In contrast with other market organisations, demand under Thames Water tends to be less flexible.Thames Water can turn its price and consumers have no vary firm to turn inside the industry. They moreover pay the superior price, or go without the product altogether. Dis sympathetic to M&S, Thames Water is consequently a price maker. It can make a decision to what price to alter. On the other hand, it is still forced by its demand curve. An increase in price will decrease the amount demanded. As with firms in other market structures, Thames Water will make the to the highest degree of profit where MR (rate pric e) = MC (Marginal Cost).Given that there are barriers to the entry of new firms, Thames Waters supernormal profits will not be competed away in the lengthy run. The merely dissimilarity, therefore, among short-run and long-run equilibrium is that in the long-run the firm will manufacture where MR = long-run MC. Both M&S and Thames Water face different types of market surroundings. Thames Water will generate a quite diverse output and at a fairly diverse price from M&S type of industry. M&S complete continued existence in the long run makes use of the most well-organized and fficient known technique, and develops new techniques anywhere possible. For example, Plan A. Plan A is Marks & Spencers five-year, 100-point eco plan to tackle some of the biggest challenges facing their business and the world. It will see them working with their customers and suppliers to battle climate change, reduce waste, safeguard natural resources, trade ethically and build a healthier nation. Altogether, they have cut down on food toter bags by 80% helping to reduce plastic waste. This helped raise half a million pounds for charity.Even though, Thames Water, protected by barriers to entry, be able to still become big profits even if it is not using the most efficient system. It has less motivation, therefore, to be efficient. For this motive, costs may be privileged under Thames Water. On the other hand, Thames Water may be bright to achieve considerable economies of scale due to larger plant, centralised management and the prevention of pointless repetition. Thames Water eradicates the want for numerous sets of rival water mains under each street.If this consequence in an MC curves significantly below that of the same industry under M&S, Thames Water can yet manufacture a higher output at a lower price. An special reason why Thames Water may well function with lower costs is that it can make use of part of its supernormal profits for investigate and progress and investment. It possibly will not contain the same motivation to develop into efficient as M&S which is fighting for continued existence, but it may contain a often superior skill to become efficient than has the small firm with incomplete finances.Even if Thames Water faces no competition in the supplies market, it may face a substitute form of competition in financial markets. Thames Water, with potentially low costs, which at present runs inefficiently, is likely to be subject to a takeover tender from an additional company. This competition for commercial manage, as it is the struggle for the control of companies during takeovers, may as a result, force Thames Water to be efficient in order to stave off being taken over. Overall, there are two tremendous forms of market structure monopoly (Thames Water) and, its opposite, perfect competition (Marks & Spencer).M&S is characterised by many buyers and sellers, many products that similar in nature and, as a result, many substitutes. Meaning ther e are few, if any, barriers to entry for new companies, and prices are determined by supply and demand. Consequently, M&S are subject to the price of a good, the consumers can just turn to the firm decide to increase its selling price of a good the consumers can just turn to the nearest competitor for a better price, causing any firm that increases its prices to lose market share and profits.Whereas the more police constable the market, the more will Thames Water be forced to take action on like a firm under M&S. If, therefore, Thames Water operates in a perfectly contestable market, it might bring the finest time for the consumer. Not simply will it be capable to accomplish low costs finished economies of scale, but also the possible competition will keep profits and as a result prices down. Bibliography McAleese, Dermot (2004).Economics for business competition, macro-stability, and globalisation Parkin, Michael (1939). Economics Peter J. Buckley, Jonathan Michie (1996) Firms, Or ganizations and Contracts a Reader in Industrial Organization A Reader in Industrial Organization Hunter, Alex (1969). Monopoly and competition selected readings www. tutor2u. net www. econ. rochester. edu/eco108/ch14/micro14/sld063. htm www. bized. co. uk www. ft. com Sloman, John (2007). Essential of Economics daybook of Business & Economic Studies, 09/01/1997 to present

Present and Potential use of the media spaces facilitated by digital communication technologies in Japan

Management guru Peter Drucker had commented that the future was always already happening somewhere it was just a question of spotting it. about throng crosswise the globe are aware of the proficient breakthroughs and advances that the developed countries have made in the fields of science and technology. Asian countries take a polestage in t each(prenominal)ing in such relate areas. With the advent of globalization and liberalization of economies in Asia the flow of science and technology has rapidly move the landscape of most of these countries that has led to huge pools of talent in the Information Technology and Mobile Telecommunications sector. lacquer has been labeled as atomic number 53 of the most proficiently advance(a) nations second to the United States. The unpolished has witnessed signifi arouset growth in technology across mingled industrial segments ranging from auto wide awakes to pic games consoles. The cyberspace has assumed great deduction in improv ed accessibility and communication. It has revealed a whole new dimension to sharing and disseminating study across the globe with vast potentials to reap commercial and societal benefits.The Internet has changed the way people perceive markets and commerce today in addition to the lastly frugal networking benefits that it offers. Its global exit, high degree of interactivity, speed of teaching exchange, and the ability to connect people from various parts of the globe has rendered the Internet medium indispensable for most businesses and homes today. The World Wide Web is yet unexplored in foothold of its potentials in training online business, technologies that can further enhance its interactivity features, and networking benefits that can be expanded in future.The components like e-mail, websites, social networking communities online, blogs, video conferencing, and net scream have enabled efficient interaction between individuals from across the globe. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has created new raise mode of communication possible in the 21st century. This vogue has heralded a series of innovations in the field of communication technologies enabling enhanced connectivity and platform for smoother interaction between individuals.An important aspect of technological development that has revolutionized the digital communication era is the supple telephony. Widespread use of cellular technology to hand freely from any place anytime has expanded the reach within individuals and the rapid brainwave of this technology to twain developed and underdeveloped economies has created tremendous opportunities for business growth. Growth and penetration of Internet in japanThe Japanese economical growth is impressive in the Asian subcontinent constituting a major(ip) chunk of the high net worth individuals and progressive economic indicators. The country has a earn National Income per capita of US$ 38,980 in the year 2006, as estim ated by the World Bank. This has led to increasing quash of people having the capacity to purchase latest gadgets and technological devices. The economy has witnessed rapid increase in the use of Internet and mobile technologies over the past a few(prenominal) years. accord World Internet Statistics, the percentage of community accessing Internet in Japan has risen from a mere 37. 1 percent in the year 2000 to 68 percent in the year 2007 with the total number of users increasing from 47,080,000 to 87,540,000. The broadband speed in Japan is eight to thirty times faster than the connectivity available in United States, as per Washington built in bed dated 29th August 2007. The article reports that the accessibility exist is much lower compared to prices in the US.Hence, Japan has the worlds fastest Internet connection delivering more data at a lower cost than anywhere else. (Washington Post) In light of these statistics it is limpid that the Japanese economy is gaining rapid m omentum in fields of technological development armed with a techno-savvy population that is willing to explore the new aspects of business commerce and instant communication trends. The growth and development in the fields of Information and Communication Technologies is directly correlated to a countrys economic growth and development.This sector has contributed significantly to the growth of the Japanese economy. The ICT sector contributed 0. 9 percent to the 2. 2 percent growth in GDP in the year 2005. The impact of the development in communication technologies is evident with the rise of electronic commerce and abundant use of the Internet for the purpose of business transactions. This has increased consumerism and sales of digital devices that are must haves for most individuals across the globe. Japan too is witnessing widespread consumerism for electronic devices and telecommunication services.The high-speed connection at low cost provided by the telecommunication service pr oviders in this country has allowed efficient exchange of data and information online besides enabling high-definition teleconferencing and video chats. The number of people working from home is increasing owing to this efficient service. The brass of Japan has facilitated rapid growth in this sector realizing the vital contribution that this will have on the overall economic growth and development. The mapping of digital communication technologies in globalization is vital.It is the rapid and efficient use of these technologies that has minimized the physical barriers and created a platform for smoother business transactions and information exchange across various corners of the globe without the hassle of traveling. The physical distance no longer poses a barrier to communities and businesses alike and the remarkable feature is the total of time that is saved in communicating and transferring information from one corner of the globe to another. Japan has harnessed this sector t o expand its economy and other related sectors that has benefited immensely from this sector.The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan states in its ICT report 2007 The current state of global business development by the worlds major telecommunications carriers reveals that they are actively promoting global expansion by establishing local subsidiaries and through investment in local telecommunications carriers. Telecommunication service providers are strongly vying against each other for increasing their market share since large number of individuals and businesses are opting for high-speed broadband connectivity and telephony services.The demand has been growing over the past few years and many international service providers are entering the market to capitalize on this market segment. Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp (NTT) is a government controlled enterprise and currently is the largest telecommunication service provider in the country. But this company is facing severe competition from the entry of other multinationals. NTT effected the optical graphic symbol system to provide connectivity at 100 megabits per second that is 17 times faster than the US cable connections.The Washington Post article states that approximately 8. 8 million homes in Japan have access to Internet using this optical fiber system. This has revolutionized many aspects of life in Japan. For instance, the high-resolution video conferencing has enabled pathologists to construe tissue samples from patients living in remote areas with the help of remote controlled microscopes. The high- attribute image made possible with the use of optical fiber system has rendered huge benefits to people residing in areas that do not have easy access to large hospitals.The globalization and development in communication technologies have led to the growth of virtual(prenominal) organizations that are visible in the forms of virtual linkages with supply chain partners, outsourci ng, virtual malls, or electronic market places and telework. The rise of virtual organizations was greatly facilitated by the innovative applications and developments in the field of Internet commerce. The e-commerce initially referred to exchange of stored data and information between related companies.Developments in scope of applications have enabled the suppliers and service providers to directly communicate with their customers online and this has created a whole new concept of business management. Businesses across the globe realize the huge potential that the e-commerce implies and are adopting new strategies to take advantage of the extensive consumer reach through the Internet. Digitization in Japan The rapid penetration of Information Technology and increased networking abilities in the country created the need for digitization of the various departments and institutions both in the public and private sector.Japan has carried out extensive digitization work in the last fe w years owing to the rapid penetration of Information Technology in all fields and industries. The United Nations report on digitization of the government department in Japan observes the digitization of the disposal is knowing to make it more convenient for the people, simplify the administration and improve its efficiency and transparency, through the use of IT in every field of the administration and a review of existing systems and practices.The various government departments have been streamlined using the new technology and telecommunication networking to achieve an effective coordination and information flow across departments. The need to regulate and monitor the flow of data and information becomes highly critical in all businesses. The government of Japan undertook special care to resurrect digitization across all public institutions as well as private sector to enable efficient management of the systems and promote improved quality of services to the nation. Cellular p hone technology in JapanMobile phones have become an essential part of todays life and it is difficult to imagine locomote around without one of these gadgets in the pocket. This device is a new addition to the digital communication modes and has revolutionized the pace and ease of connectivity between individuals. Few years back the pagers had been launched and the instant messaging device had created a huge impact on means of communication. The portable device had been first launched in the year 1968 in Japan and was mainly employ by sales representatives and doctors to send instant messages and communicate any kind of emergency requirements.The limitation of this device was that it could not be used to receive or make calls and could be used for receiving messages only. The car phone introduced by Japan in the year 1979 was the first of its kind in mobile telephones. This technology was gradually upgraded to take shape of the mobile phones used today. The current form of mobile phone service started in the year 1987 in Japan. The high fees levied on the use of theses mobile phones rendered them exclusively for the use of business purpose. Initially they were too expensive for use by the general public.Within few years of its launch the mobile phone services became cheaper and more accessible to the public. The rapid popularity of these devices among the masses created a new type of consumerism trend that was capitalized by the telecommunication companies providing the consumers with innovative technologies at competitive prices. The craze for the latest gadget in mobile telephones led to the launch of devices that used advanced technology converging the functions of a watch, camera, and phone into one pocket-sized device.Further innovations and technological breakthroughs gave way to smart devices that could explore the Internet, accept on video conferencing, and transfer music and movies with sharp lucidness and features that enabled smooth picture qu ality. The mobile phones have evolved greatly as a communication tool. The digital Japanese mobile phone services facilitate exchange of information using both voice and data. The phones have been equipped with Java applications to stimulate the Internet functionalities that allows net surfing, email exchange and file transfers.Additional features including camera enables the user to shoot pictures, upload and download images, video recording facility, connect to television channels, tunes into radio, play downloaded music with built in speaker systems have added whole new dimension to the mobile phone technology. Mobile phones are now being termed as smart phones owing to their extensive utility and features. The present generation comprises of techno freaks that love possessing hi-fi gadgets with advanced features and enhanced technology.The mobile phones are being replaced by i-pods launched by Sony and Apple. These devices converge the functionalities of the web, phone, camera, music player, video player, and video gaming consoles. Most of the technology companies in Japan are using convergence strategy to blend multiple functionalities into one simple looking device that is easy to use and carry around. These devices are primarily targeted towards the junior generation. Convergence technology in JapanJapan is the leading pioneer in new and innovative technology related reaping development that has spelled huge success for its economic growth. It is one of the leading nations using the convergence strategy to expand market for highly advanced blow of products blending functionalities of many components into a single device. According to Jun Tanaka, general manager in the product planning development division at Seiko Instruments a good converged product reflects both complexity and subtlety. It can be complex in function yet condensed so its efficient in use and appearance.It is based on these principles that the product Wrist Companion is designed that incorporate the features of a cell-phone, personal computer, and Personal Digital Assistant. This can be worn on the wrist like a watch that makes it convenient to carry around unlike mobile phones that cannot be worn as an accessory. This is being launched by Seiko Instruments of Japan. The company claims to research the needs of the consumer for small and smart electronic devices that can be treated as a fashion accessory and yet meet the high tech needs of the users.Shortcomings of these technologies However, the efficiency of the individual functionalities may be blurred in the face of such multiple functioning devices. For instance, the camera attached to a mobile phone does not have the required clarity of images and a professional photographer would prefer to use a highly equipped camera specially suited for his needs. Similarly, the music player or video player built into the mobile phone does not have high resolution picture quality that can satisfy the user.It cannot be c ompared to the home star sign system or normal television quality. This poses a serious limitation to the utility of such multi-functional devices. some other shortcoming of the use of these convergence technologies is the high cost involved in making these products that reflects on their market prices. The companies launching these products conduct extensive research that incurs huge costs before the product is finally launched into the markets Seiko Instruments conduct market surveys to research consumer needs and preferences before planning their product design.The Wrist Companion was designed after extensive market research and planning. The end product is sold in the market at a price of 20,000 to 30,000 yen. The Bluetooth mobile technology has also increased the price of the product in the market. However, consumers from higher income range are willing to pay the higher price of these sophisticated devices. These products may be out of reach for many individuals but the grow ing wealthy population in Japan has created huge market demand.These products are in high demand in international markets too with many countries importing electronic devices from Japan in bulk. This has influenced the trade balances of Japan positively over the past few decades. The growth and development of digital communication technologies has led to complete restructuring of the business processes and organisational strategies. Business corporations are using the information and communication technologies in areas that can directly impact the business efficiency and add value in terms of cost and benefits.The positive impacts of the use of these technologies in business ventures are felt in enhanced productivity, increased consumer reach, higher market shares, and efficient customer service. Another dimension to the benefits provided by the increased use of communication technologies is reflected in the change in life style of the individuals who are growing highly dependent on these devices for their day-to-day activities.

Carpe Diem Poetry

ENG. 1102 Paper 1 Carpe Diem Poetry To The Virgins, To Make Much of prison term by Robert Herrick and To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell ar two great examples of Carpe Diem poetry. Their vivid imagery, symbolism, and usage of simile and metaphor are what make these numberss memorable. Their usage of these terms besides makes the poems more inviting and makes the usage of the Carpe Diem custom more apparent. Likely risque for their eons, I find both poems somewhat romantic and tame for our judgment of conviction period.The primary metaphor of To The Virgins, To Make Much Of Time is Gather ye rosebuds eyepatch ye may, old time is still a-flying and this same flower that smiles today, tomorrow will be dying(961). This opening metaphor makes it clear that the newspaper of this poem is Carpe Diem. From my understanding and in any case from my introductory Latin class Carpe Diem is popularly known as Seize the Day though this is not the literal translation. Roses are fresh an d supple like youth they are fragile, beautiful, and pure. These are characteristics as well as associated with virgins. I read found in many literary works that virginity is compared to a rose.Herrick is urging the young to enjoy their youth before it evades them. The glorious lamp of heaven, the sun, the higher hes a getting, the sooner will his race be run, and nigh hes to setting is another metaphor using the personification of the sun to show the passage of time (916). The sun is an example of life the more time that passes, or the rather the farther the race is run, is the closer life is to come to an end or the closer to the sun setting. The sun and its emanation and setting is something that is very commonly used on obituaries to mark the birth and death of a person. That age is best which is the first, when youth and blood are warm but being spent, the worse, and worst times still succeed the former (916). The previous passage is the vocalizer saying that everything i s better when you are young. You are livelier and more warm blooded when youre young and everything after that gets worse and worse. This is true from a physiological standpoint as you age the way your hormones work transmute and the process that build up substances needed in your body slow and at times stop, an example of this medically is osteoporosis.The last stanza of the poem reads, Then be not coy, but use your time and while ye may, go marry For having lost but once your prime, you may for ever tarry (916). I trust the speaker is saying to the reader dont be shy, dont waste your youth, marry now while your young and beauty and while you are filled with life and vigor. Once your beauty is gone it may be harder or it may be something that you may never do. Due to this poem being in the love and hate section of our book and also with it being about virgins, I cant help, but think that this also has some subtle sexual connotations as well.I think this because the speaker is urg ing virgins and not just people in general to make the most of life. The speaker also uses the symbolism of the rose as a comparison for youth, but a woman transitioning for a virgin is also compared to a flower blooming. amid To The Virgins, To Make Much Of Time and To His Coy Mistress I find that To His Coy Mistress uses the most imagery and because of that it is my favorite of the two poems. Had we but world enough, and time, this coyness, lady, were no crime. We would sit down, and think which way to walk, and pass our long loves day.Though by the Indian Ganges side shouldst rubies find I by the side of Humber would complain (951). I found this opening stanza important, because it set the stage for the Carpe Diem theme. The speaker has compare the ladies coyness to a crime because they dont have enough time. This automatically says to me as he reader that he wants her to give up her shyness and give into him because they may never get the chance. He spends tell him sporting lady all the time he would spend praising her body, but saves her heart last.Though he suggest that he would take his time loving his schoolmaam he then states, For, lady, you deserve this state, nor would I love at a lower rate. But at my back I always hear times winged chariot hurrying near (951). This is the speaker again stating that thither is not enough time for them to wait any longer because time is quickly approaching. The speaker also states that his lust for her will turn to ash soon if they continue to wait and that her long preserved virginity and honor will also turn to dust. He is urging his mistress to be with him by constantly referencing death, The graves a fine and private lace, but none, I think, do there embrace (951). I have found that of the two poems that To His Coy Mistress does not put as much emphasis of seizing the day in general, but more so of seizing the moment now sexually. Though there were some references from the speaker about is mistress heart mo st of the references were in regards to his sexual desires. He references love several times, but warps it with his immediate cause for action. It seems that this speaker is using his love for her or saying that he has love for his mistress as a way to bring about her deflowering.This must be something that is a recurring trend across time periods as this can also be found much more apparent and much more frequently in our time period. Works Cited Herrick, Robert. To The Virgins, To Make Much Of Time. Abcarian, Richard, Marvin Klotz, and Samuel Cohen. Literature The gentle Experience. 10th. Boston Bedford/st Martins, 2010. 916 Marvell, Andrew. To His Coy Mistress. Abcarian, Richard, Marvin Klotz, and Samuel Cohen. Literature The Human Experience. 10th. Boston Bedford/st Martins, 2010. 950-951

How is the theme of childhood presented Essay

The romanticist era ushered in a whole new way in which kidren were perceived. Romantics did non remember in the Seen but not heard attitude towards infantren. The Romantics often busied themselves trying to understand what made a man, what shaped a persons constitution to create the adult. Three metrical compositions in The Lyrical Ballads, all by Wordsworth, deal exclusively with the theme of childhood. They are We are Seven, Anecdote for Fathers and The Idiot Boy. A famous quote by philosopher Jean-Jacques Rosseau states that Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains.By this he meant that we are all born without whatever laws or morality and that these are ideals we gain only as we age and get exposed to them by society. This sentiment is reflected in the aforementioned poems, as this whimsey is one of the debates children were so celebrated by the Romantic movement, they were untainted by the societal rules forced upon them, and so were a part of nature in a way an adult could not be. In We are Seven, Wordsworth relates a conversation between the poems narrator and a unripened young lady.The young girl claims to have sixth brothers and sisters, however she says that two of them are dead. Despite the narrators attempts to convince her that makes only four brothers and sisters, five overall, he eventually concedes that is Throwing lecture away as the girl is not able to truly comprehend the realities of death. In this poem Wordsworth juxtaposes the cynicism of the narrators view of death with the innocence of the young girls view. The narrators view is that although she did have six brothers and sisters, she now only has four.The girls brother and sister are no longer alive and thus cannot be considered human, and equally can no longer be the girls brother and sister in all real sense, so he only recognises her as having four siblings. The girl however does not see death in that manner. Although she is aware that they are dead, she is not able to properly understand what this means. As the author says What should it know of death? To her, even though they are dead, they are still her brother and sister, just as much as her others and so she sees herself as one of seven children.In the poem Wordsworth gives a vivid description of the girl, referring to her as rustic and having a forest air, which overtly links her to nature. The situation that the narrator says that her beauty makes me glad shows that Wordsworth is indirectly calling the girl, her innocence and nature, which the girl is close to, a wonderful affair which should be celebrated. Both The Idiot Boy and Anecdote for Fathers deal with the imagination. In Anecdote for Fathers the narrator asks his son whether he prefers their home at Kilve or Liswyn Farm.The child send awayly has never mulld this, however as his buzz off originally praises Kilve more than Liswyn Farm, he says that he prefers Kilve, as he believes that is what his father wants to hear. His father however questions his answer, which the child is not prepared for. Looking around in panic he sees a weather vane and responds with At Klive there was no weather-cock, and thats the reason why. The narrator is ecstatic with his sons answer, as he sees his sons ability to imagine an innocent answer so easily. The father wishes that he could Teach the hundredth part of what from thee I learnThe tone of excitement in the fathers response seems to stem from Wordsworth lamenting the fact that although he is able to understand how children are able to use their imagination in such ways, he is unable to mimic them, as he has already succumbed to the social ideals. In The Idiot Boy Wordsworth the effect of society on an adult by comparing the imagination of a child and his mother. In this poem a woman, Betty, is caring for her sick friend, Susan. Although Susan requires urgent medical care, Betty cannot leave her alone in her state, so she sends Johnny, the Idiot Boy, her intel lectually handicapped son.She gives him very clear instructions that he is to go straight to the doctor and straight back and not stop. Hours later he has not returned and Betty begins to worry about sad mischances, not a few. In the end Betty decides to go and look for him. As she is out calling his name, she starts to imagine her son being dead or lessened based on what she sees. For example when she sees a pond she imagines that her son may have drowned in it. Eventually she discovers that Johnny is safe and well, and has merely been playing for hours, imagining himself selection stars out of the sky, being a hunter and being a warrior.The contrast between the imagination of a child, with an extra layer of innocence due to his mental handicap, and his mother is incredibly stark. While Johnnys imagination has kept him content for hours, Bettys has, in a shorter space of time, made her start to contemplate suicide due to the grief it instilled within her. We then find that Susan has recovered for exactly the same reason that Betty felt such despair, all she was able to call in about were horrible ways in which Betty and Johnny couldve been hurt and was able to draw strength from her sadness at being unable to help.In the end, when asked what he had been doing for hours, Johnny merely replies The cocks did crow to-whoo, to-whoo, and the sun did shine so cold. Wordsworth called this response Johnnys glory, which very accurately sums up the Romantic ideal of childhood and innocence being a thing to cherish, which was one of the messages Wordsworth and Coleridge tried to present with the Lyrical Ballads.

Example of Mathematics Lesson Plan for Bearing Topic

LESSON PLAN Date 23 October 2012 (Tuesday) Time 2. 30p. m until 3. 30 p. m. Class 5 Science 1 physique of Pupils 29 Subject Mathematics Topic Bearings Learning Area Bearings Previous Knowledge The students have learnt the four main nab directions in Geography Subject. thought Skills Identifying, Calculating and Drawing. Teaching-learning Resources Manila Card. Learning ObjectivesPupils will be taught to Teaching and Learning Activities Learning OutcomesPupils will be able to Remarks 1 Understand the concept of bearing. envelop the eight main compass directions. Draw and label the eight main compass directions a) north, south, east, west, b) north-east, north-west, south-east, south west. Vocabulary north-eastsouth-eastnorth-westsouth-westcompass anglebearing 2 Use the concept of bearing. 1 exhibit and calculate the compass angle of any direction. Examples State the bearing of rouse P. Answer 48? Answer 180? + 60? 240? Answer 180? 40? = 140? Answer 270? + 20? = 290? A nswer The bearing ofAfromBis 065?. The bearing ofBfromAis 245?. 2 Discuss the use of bearing in real life situations. For example, in map reading and navigation. Example In Diagram 8, P, Q and R are three points on a horizontal plane. R lies to the east of P. The bearing of Q from P is 072?. The bearing of R from Q is A 162? B 198? C 288? D 342? 1 State the compass angle of any compass direction. Draw a diagram which shows the direction of B to A given the bearing of B from A. 3 State the bearing of point A from point B based on the given information. 4 Solve problems involving bearings. Point to noteCompass angle and bearing are written in three-digit form, from 000? to 360?. They are measured in a clockwise direction from north. Due north is considered as bearing 000?. For cases involvingdegrees and minutes, state in degrees up to one decimal place.

Bipolar Disorder

Some quite a bantam be much pr peerless to either passion or printing, menstruation otherwises alternate equally amidst the two types of issues. Some hold in frequent fashion partions, while others bed tho a few over a lifespan succession. at that place argon four types of mood occurrences in bipolar disarray mania, hypomania, slump, and mixed episodes. Each type of bipolar trouble oneself mood episode has a unique rear of symptoms. Mania Symptoms In the manic phase of bipolar affection, feelings of heightened energy, creativity, and euphoria argon common. quite a little experiencing a manic episode often permit push through a recklessly and profligately, scarcely sleep, and be hyperactive.They whitethorn as well feel corresponding theyre omnipotent, impregn competent, or destined for prominence. Although mania inaugurates with delightful sensations, it has a tendency to volute out of fake. People often Denave un commandlaDly aurlng a manic eplsoae gamDllng a panache savlngs, engaging In inappropriate familiar activity, or making irrational business investments, for example. They may too establish angry, irritable, and aggressivepicking fights, trounce out when others dont go along with their intends, and blaming any bingle who criticizes their behavior.Some n one and solo(a)theless become delusional or start hearing voices. falling off Symptoms In the past, bipolar depression was amalgamated in with regular depression. But a mounting rootage of research suggests that there atomic number 18 signifi provoket differences between the two, particularly when it comes to recommended treatments. Most muckle with bipolar depression atomic number 18 non sustained by antidepressants. In fact, there is a risk that antidepressants scum bag make bipolar unhealthiness worsetriggering mania or hypomania, causing rapid cycle between mood alleges, or interfering with other mood stabilizing drugs.Despite more similarities, ce rtain symptoms atomic number 18 more common in bipolar depression than in regular depression. For example, bipolar epression is more seeming to involve irritability, guilt, unpredictable mood swings, and feelings of restlessness. People with bipolar depression to a fault tend to move and speak slowly, sleep a lot, and obtain weight. In addition, they are more desirely to develop psychotic depressiona condition in which theyVe lost contact with realityand to experience study disability in snip and hearty functioning.TYPES thither are several(prenominal) types of bipolar disorder all involve episodes of depression and mania to a degree. They allow in bipolar l, bipolar II, cyclothymic disorder, mixed bipolar, and rapid-cycling bipolar disorder. bipolar I Raging bipolar (l) is characterized by at least one full-blown manic episode endure at least one week or any duration if hospitalization is acceptd. This may include inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased wishing f or sleep, organism more loquacious than usual, flight of thinkings, distractibility, an increase in goal-oriented activity, and excessive involution in hazardous activities.The symptoms are severe enough to disrupt the endurings ability to work and socialize, and may require hospitalization to pr flusht harm to themselves or others. The longanimous may lose touch with reality to the taper of being psychotic. The other option for raging bipolar is at least one mixed episode on the part of the patient. The DSM-IV is uncharacteristically vague as to what constitutes mixed, an accurate reflection of the confusion within the psychiatrical profession. More tellingly, a mixed episode is al closely impossible to explain to the public. One is literally up and down at the equivalent time.bipolar II Swinging bipolar (II) presumes at least one major depressive episode, plus at least one hypomanic episode over at least four days. The homogeneous characteristics as mania are evident, with the disturbance of mood observable by others but, the episode is ot enough to disrupt normal functioning or necessitate hospitalization and there are no psychotic features. Those in a state of hypomania are typically the life of the party, the salesperson of the month and more often than not the lift out-selling author or Fortune 500 mover and shaker, which is why so many a(prenominal) wane to seek treatment.But the same condition squeeze out also turn on its victim, resulting in bad decision-making, social embarrassments, wrecked relationships and projects left unfinished. Rapid Cycling DSM-IV defines rapid cycling as the occurrence of at least 4 major depressive, manic, ypomanlc, or mlxea eplsoaes aurlng tne prevlous year In a patient wltn a Olagnosls of BP I or BP II. These episodes must be demarcated either by a partial or full remission of at least 2 months duration or by a switch to an episode of opposite polarity.Duration criteria for episodes are not waived, which means that each major depressive episode must last at least 2 weeks, each manic or mixed episode must last at least 1 week, and each hypomanic episode must last at least 4 days. Mixed bipolar A mixed episode is not a disorder itself, but rather is a description of a component of a specific type of bipolar disorder. A mixed episode is defined by meeting the diagnostic criteria for both a manic episode as well as a major depressive episode nearly every day for at least a full week.Like most psychogenic disorders, a mixed episode must be severe enough to drive guidance trouble or impairment in social, occupational, education or other measurable functioning and is not break a expression accounted for by the physiological effects of substance use, or villainy, or a general medical condition. cyclothymia Cyclothymia is a chronic bipolar disorder consisting of short periods of mild depression and short periods of hypomania, lasting a few days to a few weeks, eparated by short periods of normal mood.Individuals with cyclothymia are never liberated of symptoms of either depression or hypomania for more than two months at a time. In 1980 the classification of cyclothymia was changed in the DSM-IV from Personality distract to Mood disarray. Though the above description portrays cyclothymia as a mild disorder, it is so only relative to the severity of Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorders. Cyclothymia can completely disrupt the life of an individual and create personal chaos. In their continual oscillation of mood, they never know from ne day to the next what to expect.TREATMENTS Bipolar disorder is being better(p) understood each day. There is also on red ink research into its treatment. But successfully treating bipolar disorder can involve several music trials, and it can take years to achieve remission. dismantle if remission is attained, recurrence is the rule not the exception. Its not uncommon for all first- line treatments to be exhausted. coarse Treatment s Lithium and the anticonvulsants lamotrigine and valproate are treatments for bipolar depression. They are mood stabilizers. For severely ill patients, lithium and an ntidepressant are some time utilise.A mood-stabilizing medication kit and boodle on improving social interactions, mood, and behavior and is recommended for both treatment and prevention of bipolar mood states that swing from the lows of depression to the highs of hypomania or mania. According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), lithium, lamotrigine, valproate, carbamazepine, and most unrepresentative antipsychotic medications are approved by the FDA for treating one, or more, phases of bipolar disorder. Treatment Resistance There is no consensus among clinicians and researchers on one definition of reatment resistance.Generally, patients in an acute state, manic, depressed, or mixed, whose symptoms do not improve later at least two evidence-based medication trlals are conslaerea treatment-reslstant In researcn stu01es. In tne malntenance phase, patients are considered treatment-resistant if they continue cycling despite several adequate medication trials. In some studies additional criteria must be met in order to truly be considered treatment-resistant. These include functional measures of remission. Dr. Prakash Masand, psychiatrist and founder of GlobalBipolar DisorderBipolar Disorder Heather McLean HCA/240 Maryam Pirnazar 4/14/2013 Introduction Bipolar disorder is a school principal disorder it can relieve oneself shifts in moods, activity level, energy, and also the ability to due day-to-day tasks. It is also commonly known as manic- depressive ailment. This disorder is one of the oldest illnesses that is known. It is one of the first noticed that goes as farther foul and the second century. The first person that recognized the some of the symptoms is Aretaeus of Cappadocia. What he found went unnoticed until Richard Burton a scientist wrote a book, which the main focu s was depression.This is still used in todays time. There are many varied myths and misconceptions virtually bipolar disorder. Some myths most bipolar disorder consists of things that people consider like, bipolar disorder can not go around better or people with the disorder can not lead a normal life, people with this disorder swing back and forth between depression and mania. Some even believe that dipolar disorder only affects moods, and some believe that medication is the only way people with this disorder can control it. Only with getting the facts go forth people be able to understand the truth almost bipolar disorder.The causes of bipolar are unknown. There are several factors that do seem to play a role in triggering the bipolar episodes. These causes consist of biological differences, neurotransmitters, hormones, inherit trait, and environment. Theyre are some that believes that, bipolar disorder is inherited and a family trait. Symptoms Symptoms for bipolar disorde r are severe and people do not notice them off the bat. When a patient had bipolar disorder people experience incompatible states. When patients make believe bipolar disorder, they experience an intense emotional state, which can be called mood episodes.A person that experience overly joy or overly excited times is called manic episodes. When bipolar disorder patients experience extreme hopelessness or sad states, is considered to be a depressive episodes. There are even times when episodes are mixed, which are considered as mixed states. There are many different things that go with the symptoms of bipolar disorder. Patients can project extreme changes in their activity, energy, sleep patterns, and their changes in their contribute behavior. It is also possible that people with this disorder can shed episodes for a long period of time.Symptoms of mania include mood changes, the patient can feel high or overly well-chosen or a long period of time, and extreme irritable moods. T heir behavioral changes consists of intercourseing fast, qualifying from one idea to a different one, easily distracted, an increase in goal-directed activities, being restless, wear little sleep, take a crap a bun in the oven impulsively and taking part in high risk behavior. They can also have surrealistic beliefs in ones abilities. Symptoms of depression include a long period of feelings, worry or even empty, a lack of interest and activities, which includes sex.The behavior changes are felling tired, problems with concentration, and memory and even making decisions. Other symptoms are restlessness, a change in eating ha microprocessor chips, and thinking about death and suicide. Neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters are also compound with the signs and symptoms of bipolar disorders. Before knowing how it is involved in bipolar disorder, knowing what neurotransmitters are important. A neurotransmitter is a chemic substance that is released at the very end of the nerve fiber . It transmits signals from the neuron to a target stall across a synapse.With bipolar disorders, neurotransmitters are involved in the aetiology of mood disorder. In before theories, suggestions where make that an excess of neurotransmitters occurred during a manic episode, which is not really what happens. It is the effectiveness of the cell functions under the revision and the control of neurotransmitters that underlines the patho-aetiology of mood disorders. Diagnoses Some people wonder how bipolar disorder is diagnosed. The person can do is talk to a recompense that can diagnose and give a physical examination, and mental science laboratory test.It angle be found through a blood test or even a mind scan, although these tests can second make sure that there are not any other change factors. The unsex can past conduct a evaluation of mental health. He can also give a patient a referral to a mental health professional, like a psychiatrist, which is more experienced wit h diagnosing bipolar disorders. When conducting a diagnostic evaluation they discuss all family account statement and get the patients history of any symptoms. They will also talk about the patients close relatives and spouse.Getting more development about the patient and what they are going through in life will also abet go down whether or not they are bipolar. When a person has bipolar disorder, they are more likely to musical note for stand by in their most vulnerable state, which is when they are depressed. Making sure that the patient is not erroneously diagnosed it is important for the unsex to make sure that the patients medical history is done with care. After going model the process of being diagnosed, the doctor will then find the appropriate treatment for the patient.Treatment Bipolar disorder has no known cure. The best thing for patients is to have proper treatments, to have a better control over their mood swings and other symptoms they may have. Patients with bipolar disorder are in need for a long-term treatment because the disorder is a lifetime disorder. The most affective treatment plan involves medication and psychotherapy, which help the patient from relapsing and helps them reduce the severity of their symptoms. Normally psyche that is a doctor of medicine prescribes by a psychiatrist or medications.There are also others that can prescribe medications like psychiatric nurse practitioners, advanced psychiatric nurse specialists and clinical psychologists, but it all depends on the state that you are in, and it is best to check with your states licensing agency to make sure. Some of the types of medications that are used to treat bipolar disorders are, mood-stabilizing medications like Lithium and Valproic, Atypical ant-psychotic medicates like Olanzapine, and Aripiprazole, and antidepressant medications like Fluoxetine. Everyone may not respond to the medications in the same exact way.It may even take different tries with differ ent medications to get the right one that works for the right patient. It may even help to keep a daily chard or the patients mood symptoms, sleep patterns, treatments, and their quotidian life to make sure you can tell the doctor about how affective the medication is. With every medication, it is important that you know the side effects and patients should always talk to their doctor about and risks and benefits. Psychotherapy is a part of the treatment with bipolar disorders. It is really when the patient goes in to talk in therapy.It is a way to provide education, guidance, and more important support. Some treatments that can be used in psychotherapy are, cognitive behavioral therapy, family focused therapy, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, and psycho-education. It is a way to let the patient talk out their feeling and what is going on in their lives, and a way for the doctor to talk to the patient about how they should mount with thing and educate them on the process. Environmental surrounds also could help a person with bipolar disorder, not have an episode or is may cause them to have one. EnvironmentalAn environmental surround of a person that is suffering from bipolar disorder is very important. It is important that the patient understands that doing certain thing or even being around certain people may cause them to have an episode. If the patient is around people and surrounding that does not stressful and not with child(p) the patient a hard time will help them not get over work about things, and being around people and place that could upset the patient can cause them to have an episode. any life event may trigger an episode alcohol or drug abuse or even hormonal problems can cause an episode.Knowing what is causing the episodes is important, and the patient will be able to have a better control over their episodes. In the Past Things are so ofttimes different than when they were before the 20th century. Before the 20th century diagnos tic was done a bit different than in todays time and so was the treatments. Physical explanations gave way to many theories that believed that mental illness came in the mind. The causes were thought to be a demonic possession or even a lesson weakness, and it could be cured by exorcism or a religious zeal. People were even pariah and many was even convicted of consorting with the devil and burned.With ancient treatments, Egyptians believed that depression was caused by a reversal of dowry or even a loss of status. They thought that it could have been cured by talking it out or for the person to look to a religious faith. Some people believe that mental illness was a gift from the heavens, and it should have been cherished. The Greeks believed that depression was an overabundance of mania to yellow bile and black bile, that lives in the body, and the only help for it was bleeding or for the person to purge the system to regain their balance.In todays time doctors are used to deter mine what is wrong with the patient, and they are able to treat them with medication and therapy to help them deal with their disorders. Conclusion It is a legal thing that in todays time we have people to example patients and get appropriate diagnoses for them, and to also make sure they get the help that is needed. disposition what is going on with a persons mind is important and making sure they know how to deal with a life long situation like bipolar disorder, is necessary. Experience from a Patient with Bipolar Disorder life history with bipolar disorder isnt smooth. You never know when youre going to have a good or bad day. You entirely have to be ready for whichever one comes. The medication help a little, but you have to be mentally strong to deal with the things this serious disorder will frame in you through, that the way I felt was completely natural. I had weeks I was angry, sad, and someday I was happy. It was easy to set me off, I would get mad at bare(a) things and hold on to that ire. School become harder, I didnt want to be there, everything pushed my buttons.I would hold my anger for so long and it would build up, then someone says something and I would blow the top off the kettle. Finally my build up anger caused me to go to fail, later that I decided I needed some sort of help. I do an employment with an anger management person and they asked me some very personal questions. They proceeded to a drug test later I told them I did not do drugs, and everything was clean. Then she said she wanted to try me on a simple mood stabilizer. So for a month I took this medicine called Saphris. It tasted like sulfur, and kept me energize and made me very hyper.I couldnt sleep and wasnt really hungry or anything. So I told her on my next visit what I was experiencing. She then changed it to a higher dosage and it did the same things. So my nexts visit, which was a month later, she changed my medicines again, and this time it was a simple anti -depressant call Prozac. Since taking this medicine I have gotten better, I am less angry, sad and hyper. I finally fell semi-normal, its been two months and I am comely much controlling my moods with the help of Prozac, but I still have my days, that normal just something I live with daily and I am beginning to cop pretty well with everyday life. (Dezarare Walden 4/13/2013). Dezarae is an 18 year old, white, female, which agree to write her experience of bipolar disorder for me. The best way to talk to people about it, is to speak to those who are experiences the disorder. Reference Copyright caregiver. com, Inc. 1995 2013 Helpguide. org Duman et al, 1997 Duman, 2002 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF wellness AND benignant SERVICES National Institutes of Health NIH Publication No. 09-3679 Revised 2008 Reprinted 2009Bipolar DisorderBipolar Disorder Heather McLean HCA/240 Maryam Pirnazar 4/14/2013 Introduction Bipolar disorder is a brain disorder it can cause shifts in moods, activity level, e nergy, and also the ability to due day-to-day tasks. It is also commonly known as manic- depressive illness. This disorder is one of the oldest illnesses that is known. It is one of the first noticed that goes as far back and the second century. The first person that recognized the some of the symptoms is Aretaeus of Cappadocia. What he found went unnoticed until Richard Burton a scientist wrote a book, which the main focus was depression.This is still used in todays time. There are many different myths and misconceptions about bipolar disorder. Some myths about bipolar disorder consists of things that people believe like, bipolar disorder can not get better or people with the disorder can not lead a normal life, people with this disorder swing back and forth between depression and mania. Some even believe that dipolar disorder only affects moods, and some believe that medication is the only way people with this disorder can control it. Only with getting the facts will people be abl e to understand the truth about bipolar disorder.The causes of bipolar are unknown. There are several factors that do seem to play a role in triggering the bipolar episodes. These causes consist of biological differences, neurotransmitters, hormones, inherited trait, and environment. Theyre are some that believes that, bipolar disorder is inherited and a family trait. Symptoms Symptoms for bipolar disorder are severe and people do not notice them off the bat. When a patient had bipolar disorder people experience different states. When patients have bipolar disorder, they experience an intense emotional state, which can be called mood episodes.A person that experience overly joy or overly excited times is called manic episodes. When bipolar disorder patients experience extreme hopelessness or sad states, is considered to be a depressive episodes. There are even times when episodes are mixed, which are considered as mixed states. There are many different things that go with the sympto ms of bipolar disorder. Patients can have extreme changes in their activity, energy, sleep patterns, and their changes in their total behavior. It is also possible that people with this disorder can have episodes for a long period of time.Symptoms of mania include mood changes, the patient can feel high or overly happy or a long period of time, and extreme irritable moods. Their behavioral changes consists of talking fast, going from one idea to a different one, easily distracted, an increase in goal-directed activities, being restless, have little sleep, behave impulsively and taking part in high risk behavior. They can also have unrealistic beliefs in ones abilities. Symptoms of depression include a long period of feelings, worry or even empty, a lack of interest and activities, which includes sex.The behavior changes are felling tired, problems with concentration, and memory and even making decisions. Other symptoms are restlessness, a change in eating habits, and thinking about death and suicide. Neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters are also involved with the signs and symptoms of bipolar disorders. Before knowing how it is involved in bipolar disorder, knowing what neurotransmitters are important. A neurotransmitter is a chemical substance that is released at the very end of the nerve fiber. It transmits signals from the neuron to a target cell across a synapse.With bipolar disorders, neurotransmitters are involved in the aetiology of mood disorder. In earlier theories, suggestions where made that an excess of neurotransmitters occurred during a manic episode, which is not really what happens. It is the effectiveness of the cell functions under the modification and the control of neurotransmitters that underlines the patho-aetiology of mood disorders. Diagnoses Some people wonder how bipolar disorder is diagnosed. The person can do is talk to a doctor that can diagnose and give a physical examination, and mental lab test.It cant be found through a blood te st or even a brain scan, although these tests can help make sure that there are not any other contributing factors. The doctor can then conduct a evaluation of mental health. He can also give a patient a referral to a mental health professional, like a psychiatrist, which is more experienced with diagnosing bipolar disorders. When conducting a diagnostic evaluation they discuss all family history and get the patients history of any symptoms. They will also talk about the patients close relatives and spouse.Getting more information about the patient and what they are going through in life will also help determine whether or not they are bipolar. When a person has bipolar disorder, they are more likely to look for help in their most vulnerable state, which is when they are depressed. Making sure that the patient is not mistakenly diagnosed it is important for the doctor to make sure that the patients medical history is done with care. After going thought the process of being diagnosed , the doctor will then find the appropriate treatment for the patient.Treatment Bipolar disorder has no known cure. The best thing for patients is to have proper treatments, to have a better control over their mood swings and other symptoms they may have. Patients with bipolar disorder are in need for a long-term treatment because the disorder is a lifetime disorder. The most affective treatment plan involves medication and psychotherapy, which help the patient from relapsing and helps them reduce the severity of their symptoms. Normally someone that is a doctor of medicine prescribes by a psychiatrist or medications.There are also others that can prescribe medications like psychiatric nurse practitioners, advanced psychiatric nurse specialists and clinical psychologists, but it all depends on the state that you are in, and it is best to check with your states licensing agency to make sure. Some of the types of medications that are used to treat bipolar disorders are, mood-stabilizi ng medications like Lithium and Valproic, Atypical ant-psychotic medicates like Olanzapine, and Aripiprazole, and antidepressant medications like Fluoxetine. Everyone may not respond to the medications in the same exact way.It may even take different tries with different medications to get the right one that works for the right patient. It may even help to keep a daily chard or the patients mood symptoms, sleep patterns, treatments, and their everyday life to make sure you can tell the doctor about how affective the medication is. With every medication, it is important that you know the side effects and patients should always talk to their doctor about and risks and benefits. Psychotherapy is a part of the treatment with bipolar disorders. It is really when the patient goes in to talk in therapy.It is a way to provide education, guidance, and more important support. Some treatments that can be used in psychotherapy are, cognitive behavioral therapy, family focused therapy, interpers onal and social rhythm therapy, and psycho-education. It is a way to let the patient talk out their feeling and what is going on in their lives, and a way for the doctor to talk to the patient about how they should deal with thing and educate them on the process. Environmental surrounds also could help a person with bipolar disorder, not have an episode or is may cause them to have one. EnvironmentalAn environmental surround of a person that is suffering from bipolar disorder is very important. It is important that the patient understands that doing certain thing or even being around certain people may cause them to have an episode. If the patient is around people and surrounding that does not stressful and not giving the patient a hard time will help them not get over work about things, and being around people and place that could upset the patient can cause them to have an episode. Any life event may trigger an episode alcohol or drug abuse or even hormonal problems can cause an e pisode.Knowing what is causing the episodes is important, and the patient will be able to have a better control over their episodes. In the Past Things are so much different than when they were before the 20th century. Before the 20th century diagnostic was done a bit different than in todays time and so was the treatments. Physical explanations gave way to many theories that believed that mental illness came in the mind. The causes were thought to be a demonic possession or even a moral weakness, and it could be cured by exorcism or a religious zeal. People were even outcast and many was even convicted of consorting with the devil and burned.With ancient treatments, Egyptians believed that depression was caused by a reversal of fortune or even a loss of status. They thought that it could have been cured by talking it out or for the person to look to a religious faith. Some people believe that mental illness was a gift from the heavens, and it should have been cherished. The Greeks believed that depression was an overabundance of mania to yellow bile and black bile, that lives in the body, and the only help for it was bleeding or for the person to purge the system to regain their balance.In todays time doctors are used to determine what is wrong with the patient, and they are able to treat them with medication and therapy to help them deal with their disorders. Conclusion It is a good thing that in todays time we have people to example patients and get appropriate diagnoses for them, and to also make sure they get the help that is needed. Understanding what is going on with a persons mind is important and making sure they know how to deal with a life long situation like bipolar disorder, is necessary. Experience from a Patient with Bipolar Disorder Living with bipolar disorder isnt easy. You never know when youre going to have a good or bad day. You just have to be ready for whichever one comes. The medication help a little, but you have to be mentally strong to deal with the things this serious disorder will put you through, that the way I felt was completely natural. I had weeks I was angry, sad, and someday I was happy. It was easy to set me off, I would get mad at simple things and hold on to that anger. School become harder, I didnt want to be there, everything pushed my buttons.I would hold my anger for so long and it would build up, then someone says something and I would blow the top off the kettle. Finally my build up anger caused me to go to fail, after that I decided I needed some sort of help. I made an appointment with an anger management person and they asked me some very personal questions. They proceeded to a drug test after I told them I did not do drugs, and everything was clean. Then she said she wanted to try me on a simple mood stabilizer. So for a month I took this medicine called Saphris. It tasted like sulfur, and kept me awake and made me very hyper.I couldnt sleep and wasnt really hungry or anything. So I told h er on my next visit what I was experiencing. She then changed it to a higher dosage and it did the same things. So my nexts visit, which was a month later, she changed my medicines again, and this time it was a simple anti-depressant call Prozac. Since taking this medicine I have gotten better, I am less angry, sad and hyper. I finally fell semi-normal, its been two months and I am pretty much controlling my moods with the help of Prozac, but I still have my days, that normal just something I live with daily and I am beginning to cop pretty well with everyday life. (Dezarare Walden 4/13/2013). Dezarae is an 18 year old, white, female, which agree to write her experience of bipolar disorder for me. The best way to talk to people about it, is to speak to those who are experiences the disorder. Reference Copyright caregiver. com, Inc. 1995 2013 Helpguide. org Duman et al, 1997 Duman, 2002 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health NIH Publication No. 09-3679 Revised 2008 Reprinted 2009

Airport Incident Management System Essay

1. IntroductionAirport trading operations atomic number 18 growing in complexity day by day, and extend across multiple gain bidrs at the airdrome namely ground handlers, customs, immigration, retail tenants, air traffic control, security, baggage handlers, airlines consortiums and airlines. These agencies usage the airport root in such a way that they meet their commitment to their customers in due time. These commitments launch a lot of pressure on the airport infrastructure support staff to keep the systems up and orderning efficiently.Currently these values are hand guide manually at most of the Indian airports, so at that place are umpteen chances of these services to breakdown at most appropriate time when airport are supposed to meet their stated commitments with agencies. These incidents are very frequently occurring, particularly at the busy airports akin Delhi and Hyderabad where pressure to meet timelines are heavy on airport infrastructure.Therefore there is a assume for a technology solution to provide the flexible and proactive service delivery which guarantees the availability and usability of the infrastructure available at the airport to meet the commitments. This case study discusses a solution that raises the service aim of the airport to its agencies and eventually creates a positive image in the minds of its users.This case study is based on this technical solution provided at one of the busy airport where the technical solution created, provides the right act to different stakeholders at the airport.The context diagram pic Source Internet2. Case Study PurposeThe tendency of this case study is to highlight the technical solution provided to solve the problems arising due to the multiple agencies of the airport exploitation the same airport infrastructure.3. Case Study MethodologyThe methodology to arrive at the solution to the use of airport infrastructure problem was the extensive survey method and later on the software instruction execution methodology for implementing AR Systems (Incident Management Components).The Survey Method A questionnaire about the status of services provided by the current staff to the concerned agency department was circulated and feedback collected. The response feedback was consolidated and improvements discussed and applied.A need to streamlining the part or writing the standard procedure was felt and implemented in the short run.Visits by elderberry bush management staff to similar airport and studying the response to the tender floated by the airport led to the long term planning of implementing the software solution.4. The technology strategyAfter the gruesome struggle to provide the required service 247 at the airport terminal building, a search for breach technical solution that can cater to the current requirement and as well as strive scope for future growth is always on.A team of experts were constituted to suggest the course of execution which can addr ess the airports infrastructure problem in the short run and simultaneously can fetch appropriate technology solutions to mitigate the problem as well as expand the extent of service at the airport for future projections.Short Term Planning It was felt that in short run the airport operation must have the standard procedure which can be followed and improved with the find out of supporting the agencies of the airport. The performance of the support staff can also be measured and their skill deepen to meet requirements of different support levels.Long term Planning An appropriate IT solution must be developed or procured to record incidents / solutions and can use the learning/Knowledge for handling future incidents.

Analysis Of The Sources Of Disagreement

Rauch, in the beginning of his article, points out several potential merits of untaught ergonomics such production of transgenic seeds which can counteract the effects of herbicides (2003). This could facilitate no-till farming since the use of herbicides can curtail the festering of weeds. The elimination of tilling process would prevent soil depletion and thereby drastically reduce the use of fertilizers which argon harmful to humans as well as all forms of life.He argues that ergonomics could help curb deforestation, as no-till farming and increased productivity on existing tracts of land would reduce the demand for fresh agricultural land. Rauch feels that these positive developments would help preserve ecological balance. However, Altieri and Rosset cite that a lot of scientists are quite worry about(predicate) the unprecedented consequences that large scale cultivation of transgenic crops can have on the environment (1999).Rauch expresses concerns about the posit to feed the ever-increasing population of the world and suggests that high-yielding transgenic crops would be the solution to this problem. On the other hand, Altieri and Rosset believe that transgenic crops need to be tested under controlled environments, before they are widely made available in the moneymaking(prenominal) commercialize, due to the unpredictable nature of the consequences. They also believe that public organizations have not re principal(prenominal)ed entirely truthful and accurate in releasing research information regarding the effects of genetically-altered crops, due to the generous funding of underground corporations.Since transgenic seeds are produced by gene transfer, antagonists of agricultural biotechnology research often refer to transgenic crops as Frankenfood. facial expression at the situation from a socioeconomic perspective, he feels that biotechnology could help eliminate hunger in the Third world countries, by helping farmers increase crop production. B ut, Altieri and Rosset believe that poverty, improper management and distressing food distri hardlyion mechanisms are responsible for making people starve in underdeveloped nations.According their argument, biotechnology would not help the Third World dramatically since the lack of production is really not the main reason behind their hunger. Although Altieri and Rosset agree about the potential benefits of biotechnology on some level, they are actually more concerned about the real motives of biotechnology corporations. They point out that transgenic crops developed by biotechnology corporations so far are merely aimed at earning more profits by making farmers exclusively dependent on their products.They substantiate their claim by citing instances from the past such as Monsanto Corporations herbicide-ready crops which were capable of withstanding the harmful effects of only the their own companys herbicide, thereby forcing farmers to buy their products. Similarly, the incoming of Bt crops capable of developing an insecticide within itself forced farmers to abandon the use of an extremely useful pesticide establish on Bacillus thuringiensis.Rauch affirms that genetically-improved, drought-resistant crops would come to the aid of dry countries facing tremendous water scarcity. Rauch also empathizes with the pathetic socioeconomic conditions of Third World farmers and emphasizes the need for proper training. Altieri and Rosset also express their concerns about poor farmers plight, but charge the big biotechnology corporations of manipulating intellectual property rights to forbid farmers from reproducing and sharing their seeds which has been a tradition as old as kitchen-gardening itself.They also state that monopolization of new agricultural technologies could increase market demands for only a few specific transgenic crops, paving the way for monoculture farming and thereby inviting all its associated prohibit side effects. It is quite evident that tr ansgenic crops offer a plethora of advantages. Rauch feels that this technology can transform agriculture as well as the lives of poor farmers and nations. Although Altieri and Rosset share these basic values with Rauch, they advocate following a more measured use of technology complimented by social and economic reforms.